Browse Topic: Plating

Items (1,342)
The power assist system of an electric bicycle uses a magnetostrictive torque sensor to detect the pedal force based on the magnetic properties of the crankshaft, which change according to stress. Fe–Ni alloy plating is used to coat the surface of the crankshaft with a magnetic film to enhance the magnetostrictive effect. However, the sensor performance decreases as the plating solution degrades, which necessitates replacement of the plating solution. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate how to prevent or mitigate degradation of the plating solution to reduce waste. The amounts of carbon and sulfur in the magnetic film were found to increase with degradation of the plating solution. The carbon derived from organic reducing agents and their decomposition products, and the sulfur derived from stress relievers and their decomposition products. A method was developed for reducing the amounts of carbon and sulfur in the magnetic film, which would help maintain the sensor
Ohnishi, Hiromichi
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc-nickel on metal parts, including fasteners and other standard parts.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited silver on other metals, usually with a nickel strike between the basis metal and the silver.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the engineering requirements for cadmium deposited on ferrous and nonferrous metals using a low hydrogen embrittlement (LHE) electroplating process.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
In the realm of low-altitude flight power systems, such as electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL), ensuring the safety and optimal performance of batteries is of utmost importance. Lithium (Li) plating, a phenomenon that affects battery performance and safety, has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study investigates the intricate relationship between Li plating and the growth profile of cell thickness in Li-ion batteries. Previous research often overlooked this critical aspect, but our investigation reveals compelling insights. Notably, even during early stage of capacity fade (~ 5%), Li plating persists, leading to a remarkable final cell thickness growth exceeding 20% at an alarming 80% capacity fade. These findings suggest the potential of utilizing cell thickness growth as a novel criterion for qualifying and selecting cells, in addition to the conventional measure of capacity degradation. Monitoring the growth profile of cell thickness can enhance the
Zhang, JianZheng, Yiting
Anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFSMBs) with initial zero sodium anodes are promising energy-storage devices to achieve high energy density and low cost. The morphology and reversibility of sodium controls the cycling lifespan of the AFSMBs, which is directly affected by the separator. Here, we compared the sodium deposition and corresponding electrochemical behaviors under the influence of three commercial separators, which were Celgard 2500, Al2O3-coated PP separator and glass fiber (denoting as 2500, C-PP and GF). Firstly, the reversibility of sodium plating/stripping was tested using half-cells, where coulombic efficiencies were stable at ~99.89% for C-PP and GF compare to 99.65% for 2500, indicating more dead sodium were formed for 2500. Then, the morphologies of deposited sodium were compared using optical microscopy. Compared to inhomogeneous sodium growth under 2500, C-PP obtained more flatter sodium layer with less height difference, attributing to the high mechanical
Qin, NanJin, LimingZheng, Jim P.
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited bronze plate and its subsequent removal.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for electroless nickel with phosphorus deposited on various materials.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for an electrodeposit of cadmium diffused into an electrodeposit of nickel on carbon, low-alloy, and corrosion-resistant steels.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposition of tin on metals and the properties of the deposit.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc-nickel on metal parts, including fasteners and other standard parts.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
A research team from Pohang University has successfully enhanced the performance and durability of all-solid-state batteries. This breakthrough was made possible through the implementation of a novel approach known as bottom electrodeposition.
This document establishes the requirements for the sequencing of processes relating to parts fabricated from 300M or 4340 modified steel heat treated to, or to be heat treated to, 270,000 psi (1860 MPa) minimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and higher.
AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
This specification covers the requirements for a layer of electrodeposited silver followed by a layer of electrodeposited rhodium.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers requirements for silver deposited on metal parts with a nickel strike between the basis metal and the silver deposit.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc plating.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Thin plates buckle after applying load and return to normal position after the load is released, this process is called oil canning. Waviness in thin panels can be seen on various plates of metals. Oil canning is a major issue if panels are too thin and these panels create vibration and noise in the vehicle body panel. If the panels are wider, then there are more chances of oil canning issues. Different digital simulations and physical techniques are currently available to check the canning performance, but they required geometrical data and physical setup. In this paper machine learning (ML) approach to predict the oil canning performance is presented. This approach adds a new process to the existing process of vehicle door design, but it helps avoid the number of simulations and unwanted structural modifications at the early design stage, making it a handy and powerful tool for the designer.
Kulkarni, Prasad RameshSahu, DilipKhatavkar, AkshayHursad, Tushar HaridasPatil, SanjayBelur, Nikhil
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited tin-lead plating intended for use as a coating for corrosion protection and as a base for soldering.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers requirements for the material, design, testing and packaging of straight thread tube fitting boss O-rings. O-rings covered by this specification are acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
Heat transfer is a common phenomenon in engineering applications, and selecting an appropriate material is vital. When the heat is exchanged between two mediums, the wall or material in-between them is exposed to extreme temperatures (high and low), commonly known as a cooling or heating plate. This article proposes a finite difference formulation to determine the temperature distribution of a plate for a 2D steady-state heat conduction equation. This formulation is then applied to a specific plate shape with particular boundary conditions. A MATLAB code is proposed to formulate the heat conduction equation using a finite difference approach. The proposed methodology can be used to determine the temperature distribution of a plate along with boundary conditions defined by the user, including plate size, size of the resolution in both axes (horizontal and vertical), heat flux, and thermal conductivity. Finally, the results of the proposed methodology are verified by modeling. The novel
Azeem, NaqashQaisar, AbdulAsary, Abdul RabKhan, Razi
This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited chromium plating.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
14-day material test to determine the cyclic effects of runway deicing compounds on cadmium plated parts.
G-12RDP Runway Deicing Product Committee
With the worldwide trends in mobile electrification, consumers' demand for fast charging of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to grow. However, due to the defects of the current mainstream vehicle-mounted lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium plating will occur at the anode during charging at high current rates, reducing battery life and even causing serious safety problems. In this paper, a pseudo two-dimensional (P2D) model integrated with lithium plating and SEI growth reaction is established to simulate the aging behavior of the battery during the cycle aging process. After verifying the model, we set up simulation conditions to quantitatively analyze the relationship between battery operating temperature, charging rate and cycle life, as well as the causes of capacity attenuation under each operating condition. By analyzing the simulation results, we found that lithium deposition can be predicted based on the overpotential, which can provide guidance for healthy and efficient fast
Gao, ZhenhaiXie, HaichengZhang, LishengYu, HanqingMa, BinLiu, XinhuaChen, Siyan
This specification covers requirements for electrodeposited porous chromium plate.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification establishes process controls for the repeatable production of aerospace parts by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). It is intended to be used for aerospace parts manufactured using Additive Manufacturing (AM) metal alloys, but usage is not limited to such applications.
AMS AM Additive Manufacturing Metals
This specification covers the engineering requirements for electrodeposition of a hard nickel and the properties of the deposit.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers the requirements for preparation of aluminum and aluminum alloys for soldering by zinc immersion pre-treatment followed by copper plating and tin or tin-zinc alloy plating.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
This specification covers a chloroprene rubber (CR) that can be used to manufacture product in the form of sheet, strip, tubing, extrusions, and molded shapes such as window channels, bumper pads, chafing strips, etc. For molded rings, compression seals, molded O-ring cord, and molded-in-place gaskets for aeronautical and aerospace applications, use the equivalent AMS7XXX specification.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
This specification covers a chloroprene (CR) rubber that can be used to manufacture product in the form of sheet, strip, tubing, extrusions, and molded shapes such as window channels, bumper pads, chafing strips, etc. For molded rings, compression seals, molded O-ring cord, and molded-in-place gaskets for aeronautical and aerospace applications, use the equivalent AMS7XXX specification.
AMS CE Elastomers Committee
This document describes the materials, equipment, and processing techniques utilized in the fabrication of polyimide printed wiring boards. Included are recommendations for both double-sided and multilayer boards.
AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee
This specification covers procedures and requirements for peening of metal parts with portable, bonded-shot, rotary flap assemblies in accordance with AS2592. The principles of rotary flap peening are similar to conventional shot peening, except conversion of arc height values using the magnetic test strip holder is required for intensity determination.
AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Currently, two materials are used as anodes in most commercially available lithium-ion batteries that power items like cellphones, laptops, and electric vehicles. The most common, a graphite anode, is extremely energy dense — a lithium-ion battery with a graphite anode can power a car for hundreds of miles without needing to be recharged; however, recharging a graphite anode too quickly can result in fire and explosions due to a process called lithium metal plating. A safer alternative, the lithium titanate anode, can be recharged rapidly but results in a significant decrease in energy density, which means the battery needs to be recharged more frequently.
Electric vehicle performance needs challenge connector designers and powertrain engineers with new paradigms for performance under more rigorous operational conditions. Traditional connector design protocols direct the engineer to silver plating for the contact interface, but these coatings have a maximum interface temperature of 170 C (ambient temperature plus T-rise). To avoid thermal runaway, engineers have to derate the ampacity of powertrain connections, which reduces available energy delivery as the temperature increases. This is especially true during transient power events like regenerative braking and acceleration. The soft nature of silver coatings makes them well suited for power delivery and low contact resistance, but requires an engineering trade-off for wear durability. This is especially problematic for charging connectors which require tens of thousands of mating cycles before failure. In this work, we demonstrate the performance enhancements that can be achieved using
Griffiths, PeterisHilty, RobertChan, LisaCahalen, John
With the degradation of lithium-ion batteries, the battery safety performance changes, which further influences the safe working window. In this paper, the pouch ternary lithium-ion battery whose rated capacity is 4.2 Ah is used as the research object to investigate the impact of the high-temperature calendar and cyclic aging on tolerance performance. The overcharge-to-thermal-runaway test is performed on the fresh cell and aged cell (90% SOH). The inflection point of voltage for aged cells appears earlier than that of the fresh cell, while the voltage corresponding to the inflection point is the same for them, which means that the voltage at which lithium plating occurs is the same. However, the voltage plateau and the crest voltage before thermal runaway of aged cell are significantly higher than that of the fresh cell. Besides, ohmic heat, reversible heat, and side reaction heat make contribution to the thermal runaway triggering. Among them, the side reaction heat plays a dominant
Zhang, GuangxuChen, SiqiZhu, JiangongDai, HaifengWei, Xuezhe
In order to meet the needs of modern warfare, the research on electromagnetic shielding technology of military vehicle-mounted shelters and improving the electromagnetic shielding performance of shelters will play an increasingly important role in the protection of advanced electronic equipment. At the same time, it is also the core of the development of military vehicle-mounted shelters. In this paper, by selecting and comparing different materials, using multi-layer composite materials to design the military vehicle-mounted shelter. The shelter body comprises a front wallboard, a rear wallboard, a left wallboard, a right wallboard, an upper wallboard and a lower wallboard. Each wallboard comprises an outer mask, a sandwich material layer and an inner mask in sequence from outside to inside; the outer masks and the inner masks are all metal shielding slabs or respectively comprise a metal shielding net, and different structures are used for the sandwich layer to construct a multi
Wang, LechengXie, YuanWang, WeiliLi, XiaoSha, XiaoweiWang, Liangmo
Fast charging of batteries at cold conditions faces the challenge of promoting undesired cell degradation phenomena such as lithium plating. The occurrence of lithium plating is strongly related to local surface potentials and temperatures involving the scales of the electrode surface, the unit cell and the entire module or pack. A multi-scale, multi-domain model is presented, enhancing a Newman based unit cell model with consistent models for heat generation and lithium plating and integrating this 1D+1D approach into a thermal 3D model on module level. The basic equations are presented and three different plating models from literature are discussed. The thermal model is assessed in open-loop simulations and the different plating approaches are compared in charge/discharge simulations at different operating conditions. The full multi-scale, multi-domain model is applied as a virtual sensor for model-based control of fast charging at cold conditions. The virtually given anode surface
Wurzenberger, Johann C.Lechner, ChristophJelovic, MarioMele, IgorKatrasnik, Tomaz
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